Tuesday, February 12, 2008

Twin car bombs kill up to 22 in Baghdad (AP)

A man wounded in a roadside bomb blast lies on a stretcher in a hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, Monday, Feb. 11, 2008. A roadside bomb that narrowly missed an Iraqi police patrol killed one civilian and wounded four others. (AP Photo/Karim Kadim)AP - Twin car bombs targeted a meeting of Sunni tribal leaders Monday, killing as many as 22 people in the latest attack against U.S. allies who have turned against al-Qaida in Iraq.


Ex-Boeing engineer charged in China spying case (Reuters)

The space shuttle Atlantis lifts off from launch pad 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, February 7, 2008. A former Boeing engineer was arrested on Monday on charges of stealing trade secrets for China related to several aerospace programs, including the Space Shuttle, the Justice Department said. (Pierre Ducharme/Reuters)Reuters - A former Boeing engineer was arrested on Monday on charges of stealing trade secrets for China about several aerospace programs, including the Space Shuttle, the U.S. Justice Department said.


Clemens, McNamee focus of hearing (AP)

New York Yankees pitcher Andy Pettitte stands in an elevator on Capitol Hill in Washington in this Monday, Feb. 4, 2008 file photo, after he was deposed before the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee. Pettitte's lawyer has been in discussions with congressional staff to have the pitcher dropped from the witness list at a House committee hearing about Roger Clemens scheduled for Wednesday, Feb. 13. (AP Photos/Susan Walsh, File)AP - Now this much is undeniable: Roger Clemens and Brian McNamee will be the focus of Wednesday's congressional hearing about the Mitchell Report.


Clemens, McNamee focus of hearing (AP)

New York Yankees pitcher Andy Pettitte stands in an elevator on Capitol Hill in Washington in this Monday, Feb. 4, 2008 file photo, after he was deposed before the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee. Pettitte's lawyer has been in discussions with congressional staff to have the pitcher dropped from the witness list at a House committee hearing about Roger Clemens scheduled for Wednesday, Feb. 13. (AP Photos/Susan Walsh, File)AP - Now this much is undeniable: Roger Clemens and Brian McNamee will be the focus of Wednesday's congressional hearing about the Mitchell Report.


Suicide by Guard, Reserve troops studied (AP)

Japan's Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda speaks to reporters on his way to a session at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos January 26, 2008. Top Japanese officials on Tuesday deplored the suspected rape of a 14-year-old girl by a U.S. Marine on the southern island of Okinawa, an episode with echoes of a 1995 incident that jolted the U.S.-Japan security alliance. (Denis Balibouse/Reuters)AP - National Guard and Reserve troops who have fought in Iraq and Afghanistan make up more than half of veterans who committed suicide after returning home from those wars, according to new government data obtained by The Associated Press.


East Timor president serious but stable (Reuters)

Special U.N police from Portugal stand guard outside the office of East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta in Dili February 12, 2008, after the country's interim president Vicente Guterres had declared a state of emergency. Ramos-Horta was in a serious but stable condition on Tuesday in an Australian hospital, but medics were planning more surgery for up to three gunshot wounds, a senior doctor said. Ramos-Horta was critically wounded at his home in Dili on Monday in an assassination attempt by rebel soldiers and was airlifted to Darwin on life support after treatment at an Australian military hospital. (Lirio Da Fonseca/Reuters)Reuters - East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta was in a serious but stable condition on Tuesday in an Australian hospital, but medics were planning more surgery for up to three gunshot wounds, a senior doctor said.


East Timor president serious but stable (Reuters)

Special U.N police from Portugal stand guard outside the office of East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta in Dili February 12, 2008, after the country's interim president Vicente Guterres had declared a state of emergency. Ramos-Horta was in a serious but stable condition on Tuesday in an Australian hospital, but medics were planning more surgery for up to three gunshot wounds, a senior doctor said. Ramos-Horta was critically wounded at his home in Dili on Monday in an assassination attempt by rebel soldiers and was airlifted to Darwin on life support after treatment at an Australian military hospital. (Lirio Da Fonseca/Reuters)Reuters - East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta was in a serious but stable condition on Tuesday in an Australian hospital, but medics were planning more surgery for up to three gunshot wounds, a senior doctor said.


Australian troops arrive to boost East Timor security (Reuters)

Special U.N police from Portugal stand guard outside the office of East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta in Dili February 12, 2008, after the country's interim president Vicente Guterres had declared a state of emergency. Ramos-Horta was in a serious but stable condition on Tuesday in an Australian hospital, but medics were planning more surgery for up to three gunshot wounds, a senior doctor said. Ramos-Horta was critically wounded at his home in Dili on Monday in an assassination attempt by rebel soldiers and was airlifted to Darwin on life support after treatment at an Australian military hospital. (Lirio Da Fonseca/Reuters)Reuters - Australian troops began arriving in East Timor on Tuesday to help enforce a state of emergency declared after a double assassination attempt that left the tiny nation's president in hospital with triple gunshot wounds.


Documents: Manager got car to Britney (AP)

Britney Spears sits in the passenger seat of her car as an unidentified man drives in Beverly Hills, Calif., in this Wednesday, Feb. 6, 2008 file photo. Spears was quietly released from a hospital Wednesday but within hours was being driven through the city with a swarm of paparazzi in pursuit. (AP Photo/Dan Steinberg, File)AP - Britney Spears' father sought to fire her business manager because he circumvented court orders by providing the pop star with a car after she was released from a psychiatric ward, according to court documents released Monday.


Japan PM calls Okinawa rape case "unforgivable" (Reuters)

Japan's Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda speaks to reporters on his way to a session at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos January 26, 2008. Top Japanese officials on Tuesday deplored the suspected rape of a 14-year-old girl by a U.S. Marine on the southern island of Okinawa, an episode with echoes of a 1995 incident that jolted the U.S.-Japan security alliance. (Denis Balibouse/Reuters)Reuters - Top Japanese officials on Tuesday deplored the suspected rape of a 14-year-old girl by a U.S. Marine on the southern island of Okinawa, an episode with echoes of a 1995 case that jolted the U.S.-Japan alliance.


Tiny dinosaur fossil is found in China (AP)

This undated handout artist rendering provided by the  PNAS/National Academy of Sciences shows a life reconstruction of Nemicolopterus crypticus, a small derived flying reptile that lived in the gingko forests that existed some 120 million years ago in present China. As pterodactyls go it was small, toothless and had unexpectedly curved toes — yet scientists are welcoming their new find as another piece in the puzzle of ancient life. (AP Photo/PNAS/National Academy of Sciences, Michael Skrepnickaption)    Image courtesy of PNAS/National Academy of Sciences (copyright 2008).AP - As pterodactyls go it was small, toothless and had unexpectedly curved toes — yet scientists are welcoming their new find as another piece in the puzzle of ancient life.


Arrests made in Chinese spying cases (AP)

Federal authorities remove contents from a home  in New Orleans, Monday, Feb. 11, 2008.  FBI agents raided the home in the Uptown area of the Crescent City in connection with a spy investigation of U.S. military secrets being illegally given to China. (AP Photo/Bill Haber)AP - A Defense Department analyst and a former engineer for Boeing Co. were accused Monday in separate spy cases with helping deliver military secrets to the Chinese government, the Justice Department said. Additionally, two immigrants from China and Taiwan accused of working with the defense analyst were arrested after an FBI raid Monday morning on a New Orleans home where one of them lived.


Reaching 100 is easier than suspected (AP)

Rosa McGee, 104, sits in her daughter's Chicago apartment with her Bible, Thursday, Feb. 7, 2008. A recent study has found that reaching the age of 100 has gotten easier. McGee is one of the healthy women in the study who managed to avoid chronic disease. The retired cook and seamstress is also strikingly lucid and credits her faith in God for her good health. She also gets lots of medical attention — a doctor and nurse make home visits regularly. McGee moved-in with her daughter following a fall in late 2006. (AP Photo/M. Spencer Green)AP - Living to 100 is easier than you might think. Surprising new research suggests that even people who develop heart disease or diabetes late in life have a decent shot at reaching the century mark.


Monday, February 11, 2008

Documents: Manager got car to Britney (AP)

Britney Spears sits in the passenger seat of her car as an unidentified man drives in Beverly Hills, Calif., in this Wednesday, Feb. 6, 2008 file photo. Spears was quietly released from a hospital Wednesday but within hours was being driven through the city with a swarm of paparazzi in pursuit. (AP Photo/Dan Steinberg, File)AP - Britney Spears' father sought to fire her business manager because he circumvented court orders by providing the pop star with a car after she was released from a psychiatric ward, according to court documents released Monday.


Pettitte dropped from Clemens hearing (AP)

New York Yankees pitcher Andy Pettitte stands in an elevator on Capitol Hill in Washington in this Monday, Feb. 4, 2008 file photo, after he was deposed before the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee. Pettitte's lawyer has been in discussions with congressional staff to have the pitcher dropped from the witness list at a House committee hearing about Roger Clemens scheduled for Wednesday, Feb. 13. (AP Photos/Susan Walsh, File)AP - Roger Clemens and his accuser, Brian McNamee, will be the main witnesses at a House hearing on the Mitchell Report after Andy Pettitte and two others originally invited to testify were told Monday night they don't need to show up.


Trip and fall lately? Tell your doctor (AP)

This photo provided by Locomotion Research shows Linda Frazier uses a reflective ball, infrared system that bounces back to the camera marker, Friday, Feb. 8, 2008, at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in Blacksburg, Va. Trip and fall lately? Seniors often won't mention it unless they're hurt, but new guidelines say that first tumble is the best predictor of who's at risk for another, more serious fall. With deaths from falls increasing faster than the population is aging, the guidelines urge doctors to start asking their patients to 'fess up. Better would be to predict even that first fall. Researchers are hooking both the healthy and the frail to simple monitors that may one day tell who is unsteady enough to need help. Falls lead to 16,000 deaths, 500,000 hospitalizations and 1.8 million emergency room visits a year. (AP Photo/Locomotion Research, Jian Lui)AP - Trip and fall lately? Seniors often won't mention it unless they're hurt, but new guidelines say that first tumble is a good predictor of who's at risk for another, more serious fall. With deaths from falls increasing, the guidelines urge doctors to ask patients to 'fess up.


Trip and fall lately? Tell your doctor (AP)

This photo provided by Locomotion Research shows Linda Frazier uses a reflective ball, infrared system that bounces back to the camera marker, Friday, Feb. 8, 2008, at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in Blacksburg, Va. Trip and fall lately? Seniors often won't mention it unless they're hurt, but new guidelines say that first tumble is the best predictor of who's at risk for another, more serious fall. With deaths from falls increasing faster than the population is aging, the guidelines urge doctors to start asking their patients to 'fess up. Better would be to predict even that first fall. Researchers are hooking both the healthy and the frail to simple monitors that may one day tell who is unsteady enough to need help. Falls lead to 16,000 deaths, 500,000 hospitalizations and 1.8 million emergency room visits a year. (AP Photo/Locomotion Research, Jian Lui)AP - Trip and fall lately? Seniors often won't mention it unless they're hurt, but new guidelines say that first tumble is a good predictor of who's at risk for another, more serious fall. With deaths from falls increasing, the guidelines urge doctors to ask patients to 'fess up.


Tolkien estate sues New Line Cinema (AP)

This photo released by New Line Productions shows actors, from left, Dominic Monaghan as Merry, Elijah Wood as Frodo, Billy Boyd as Pippin and Sean Astin as Sam in a scene from New Line Cinema's 'The Lord of the Rings: Fellowship of the Ring.' The estate of 'Lord of the Rings' creator J.R.R. Tolkien is suing New Line Cinema, the studio that released the trilogy based on his books, claiming the company failed to pay a cut of gross profits for the blockbuster films. (AP Photo/New Line Productions, Pierre Vinet)AP - The estate of "Lord of the Rings" creator J.R.R. Tolkien is suing the film studio that released the trilogy based on his books, claiming the company hasn't paid it a penny from the estimated $6 billion the films have grossed worldwide.


Tolkien estate sues New Line Cinema (AP)

This photo released by New Line Productions shows actors, from left, Dominic Monaghan as Merry, Elijah Wood as Frodo, Billy Boyd as Pippin and Sean Astin as Sam in a scene from New Line Cinema's 'The Lord of the Rings: Fellowship of the Ring.' The estate of 'Lord of the Rings' creator J.R.R. Tolkien is suing New Line Cinema, the studio that released the trilogy based on his books, claiming the company failed to pay a cut of gross profits for the blockbuster films. (AP Photo/New Line Productions, Pierre Vinet)AP - The estate of "Lord of the Rings" creator J.R.R. Tolkien is suing the film studio that released the trilogy based on his books, claiming the company hasn't paid it a penny from the estimated $6 billion the films have grossed worldwide.


Rocker: Rangers advised on steroids use (AP)

Texas Rangers' John Rocker throws against the New York Yankees during the fifth inning of a spring training game in this March 6, 2002 file photo, in Port Charlotte, Fla. Rocker said in a radio interview Monday, Feb. 11, 2008 that he flunked a drug test ordered by Major League Baseball in 2000 and that he, Alex Rodriguez and other Rangers players were advised by management and union doctors following a spring training lecture on how to effectively use steroids. (AP Photo/Mike King, File)AP - John Rocker claims he flunked a drug test ordered by Major League Baseball in 2000 and that he, Alex Rodriguez and other Texas Rangers were advised by management and union doctors following a spring training lecture on how to effectively use steroids.


Rocker: Rangers advised on steroids use (AP)

Texas Rangers' John Rocker throws against the New York Yankees during the fifth inning of a spring training game in this March 6, 2002 file photo, in Port Charlotte, Fla. Rocker said in a radio interview Monday, Feb. 11, 2008 that he flunked a drug test ordered by Major League Baseball in 2000 and that he, Alex Rodriguez and other Rangers players were advised by management and union doctors following a spring training lecture on how to effectively use steroids. (AP Photo/Mike King, File)AP - John Rocker claims he flunked a drug test ordered by Major League Baseball in 2000 and that he, Alex Rodriguez and other Texas Rangers were advised by management and union doctors following a spring training lecture on how to effectively use steroids.


John Rocker says he failed MLB drug test (AP)

AP - John Rocker claims he flunked a drug test ordered by Major League Baseball in 2000 and that he, Alex Rodriguez and other Texas Rangers were advised by management and union doctors following a spring training lecture on how to effectively use steroids.

John Rocker says he failed MLB drug test (AP)

AP - John Rocker claims he flunked a drug test ordered by Major League Baseball in 2000 and that he, Alex Rodriguez and other Texas Rangers were advised by management and union doctors following a spring training lecture on how to effectively use steroids.

Whites to become minority in U.S. by 2050 (Reuters)

Unidentified marchers laugh during an immigration rally in Los Angeles May 17, 2007. Non-Hispanic whites will become a minority in the United States by 2050, with immigrants and their children driving 82 percent of U.S. population growth in coming years, a new study said on Monday. (Staff/Reuters)Reuters - Non-Hispanic whites will become a minority in the United States by 2050, with immigrants and their children driving 82 percent of U.S. population growth in coming years, a new study said on Monday.


Whites to become minority in U.S. by 2050 (Reuters)

Unidentified marchers laugh during an immigration rally in Los Angeles May 17, 2007. Non-Hispanic whites will become a minority in the United States by 2050, with immigrants and their children driving 82 percent of U.S. population growth in coming years, a new study said on Monday. (Staff/Reuters)Reuters - Non-Hispanic whites will become a minority in the United States by 2050, with immigrants and their children driving 82 percent of U.S. population growth in coming years, a new study said on Monday.


Obama rides hot streak into next round (Reuters)

Democratic presidential candidate Senator Barack Obama speaks to supporters during a rally in Alexandria, Virginia February 10, 2008. (Carlos Barria/Reuters)Reuters - Democrat Barack Obama on Monday rode a weekend hot streak into the next round of presidential contests, but rival Hillary Clinton shrugged off the setbacks and expressed confidence about her prospects.


Obama rides hot streak into next round (Reuters)

Democratic presidential candidate Senator Barack Obama speaks to supporters during a rally in Alexandria, Virginia February 10, 2008. (Carlos Barria/Reuters)Reuters - Democrat Barack Obama on Monday rode a weekend hot streak into the next round of presidential contests, but rival Hillary Clinton shrugged off the setbacks and expressed confidence about her prospects.


Obama rides hot streak into next round (Reuters)

Democratic presidential candidate Senator Barack Obama speaks to supporters during a rally in Alexandria, Virginia February 10, 2008. (Carlos Barria/Reuters)Reuters - Democrat Barack Obama on Monday rode a weekend hot streak into the next round of presidential contests, but rival Hillary Clinton shrugged off the setbacks and expressed confidence about her prospects.


Obama rides hot streak into next round (Reuters)

Democratic presidential candidate Senator Barack Obama speaks to supporters during a rally in Alexandria, Virginia February 10, 2008. (Carlos Barria/Reuters)Reuters - Democrat Barack Obama on Monday rode a weekend hot streak into the next round of presidential contests, but rival Hillary Clinton shrugged off the setbacks and expressed confidence about her prospects.


Bad lenders still seen targeting minorities (Reuters)

Greater Southwest Development Corporation Director of Counseling Services Livia Villareal stands before a foreclosed home in Chicago January 28, 2008. Growing scrutiny into subprime mortgages has failed to stop unscrupulous lending practices to blacks, Hispanics and other minority groups, U.S. Rep. Barney Frank said on Monday. (John Gress/Reuters)Reuters - Growing scrutiny into subprime mortgages has failed to stop unscrupulous lending practices to blacks, Hispanics and other minority groups, U.S. Rep. Barney Frank said on Monday.


Pentagon seeks death penalty for alleged 9/11 planner (Reuters)

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed is seen shortly after his capture in March 2003. The Pentagon on Monday charged the alleged planner of the September 11 attacks and five others with murder and conspiracy and asked that they be executed if convicted. (Courtesy U.S.News  and  World Report/Handout/Reuters)Reuters - The Pentagon on Monday charged the alleged planner of the September 11 attacks, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, and five others with murder and conspiracy and asked that they be executed if convicted.


Thieves take $164 million art works in Swiss heist (Reuters)

A police handout shows the painting 'Poppies near Vetheuil' by French artist Claude Monet (1840 - 1926). Paintings by Cezanne, Degas, van Gogh and Monet worth $164 million were stolen in broad daylight on Sunday from the private Buehrle Collection in Zurich, police said in a statement. (Handout/Reuters)Reuters - Masked robbers brandishing handguns stole four paintings by 19th Century masters worth $164 million from a Zurich museum in Switzerland's biggest art theft, police said on Monday.


Winehouse's mom: Amy on road to recovery (AP)

British singer Amy Winehouse performs at the Riverside Studios for the 50th Grammy Awards ceremony via video link on Feb. 10, 2008 in London, England.  Winehouse won 5 out of her 6 nominations including, record of the year, best new artist, song of the year, pop vocal album and female pop vocal performance. (AP Photo/The Recording Academy, Peter  Macdiarmid)AP - Amy Winehouse's successful performance at the Grammys shows the troubled young singer is on the road to recovery, her mother said in an interview to be broadcast Tuesday.


Obama rides hot streak into next U.S. contests (Reuters)

Democratic presidential candidate Senator Barack Obama (D-IL) speaks at a campaign rally at the University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland February 11, 2008. (Jim Young/Reuters)Reuters - Democrat Barack Obama on Monday rode a weekend hot streak into the next round of presidential contests, but rival Hillary Clinton shrugged off the setbacks and expressed confidence about her prospects.


Michael Jackson thanks fans in video (AP)

Michael Jackson flashes a V-sign to Japanese media upon his arrival at Narita international airport, near Tokyo in this 2007 file photo.Jackson appeared in a video to thank fans for the success of 'Thriller,' the landmark record the reclusive singer is marking with a 25th anniversary edition.  AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)AP - Michael Jackson appeared in a video to thank fans for the success of "Thriller," the landmark record the reclusive singer is marking with a 25th anniversary edition.


Zednick stable after carotid artery cut (AP)

Florida Panthers right winger Richard Zednik, of Slovakia, skates towards the bench holding his neck after being injured during the third period of an NHL hockey game against the Buffalo Sabres in Buffalo, N.Y. on Sunday, Feb. 10, 2008. Buffalo won 5-3. (AP Photo/Don Heupel)AP - Florida Panthers forward Richard Zednik lost five units of blood, but doctors never considered his life in jeopardy after the player had his carotid artery nearly severed by a teammate's skate in a freak and frightening accident.


Dogs give up their lives to save family (AP)

AP - Bella, a 3-year-old golden retriever/collie mix who was once rescued as an abused puppy, returned the favor to her owners by alerting them to a house fire. With help from Maddie, a 6-month-old golden retriever, Bella helped get Sue Feuling and her 9-year-old daughter, Mckenzie, out of the house last week. The dogs didn't make it.

Obama rides momentum before "Potomac Primaries" (Reuters)

Democratic presidential candidate Senator Barack Obama greets supporters during a rally in Alexandria, Virginia February 10, 2008. (Carlos Barria/Reuters)Reuters - Democrat Barack Obama is riding a burst of momentum into Tuesday's presidential nominating contests with a string of weekend wins, while Republican John McCain received praise from onetime rival President George W. Bush as he tries to woo conservatives.


East Timor president shot in rebel attack, airlifted to Australia (AFP)

East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta, seen here in 2006, was shot and seriously wounded by rebel soldiers in an attempt to assassinate the nation's leaders, and was airlifted to Australia for emergency treatment.(AFP/File/Candido Alves)AFP - East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta was shot and seriously wounded Monday by rebel soldiers in an assassination attempt that plunged the fledgling nation into a fresh crisis.


Thieves take $164 mln art works in Swiss heist (Reuters)

A police handout shows the painting 'Poppies near Vetheuil' by French artist Claude Monet (1840 - 1926). Paintings by Cezanne, Degas, van Gogh and Monet worth $164 million were stolen in broad daylight on Sunday from the private Buehrle Collection in Zurich, police said in a statement. (Handout/Reuters)Reuters - Masked robbers brandishing handguns stole four paintings by 19th Century masters worth $164 million from a Zurich museum in Switzerland's biggest art theft, police said on Monday.


Dolly Parton postpones her 13-show tour (AP)

Dolly Parton arrives for the 2007 Songwriters Hall of Fame gala, in this  June 7, 2007 file photo in New York. A back problem has forced  Parton to postpone a concert tour she planned in support of her new CD. Parton was scheduled to kick off a 13-show tour Feb. 28 in Minneapolis, two days after the release of 'Backwoods Barbie,' publicist Marcee Rondan said Monday Feb. 11, 2008. (AP Photo/ Louis Lanzano,File)AP - A back problem has forced Dolly Parton to postpone a concert tour she planned in support of her new CD. Parton was scheduled to kick off a 13-show tour Feb. 28 in Minneapolis, two days after the release of "Backwoods Barbie," publicist Marcee Rondan said Monday.


Yahoo rejects Microsoft's takeover bid (AP)

This combination of two file photos shows Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, left, and Yahoo CEO Jerry Yang.  Yahoo Inc. on Monday, Feb. 11, 2008 spurned Microsoft Corp.'s $44.6 billion takeover bid as inadequate, betting that it can elicit a higher offer from the world's largest software maker or find another way to deliver a comparable payoff to its shareholders. (AP File Photos)AP - Yahoo Inc.'s rejection of Microsoft Corp.'s unsolicited takeover bid left investors guessing the next move in a tense mating dance that may hatch a more imposing challenger to Google Inc. or disintegrate into a bruising brawl.


U.S. charges 6 for roles in 9/11 attacks (AP)

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the alleged Sept. 11 mastermind, is seen shortly after his capture during a raid in Pakistan in this file photo from March 1, 200 obtained by the Associated Press. The Pentagon is planning to charge and seek the death penalty for Mohammed and five other detainees at Guantanamo Bay for the Sept. 11 terror attacks on America. (AP Photo-File)AP - The Pentagon has charged six detainees at Guantanamo Bay with murder and war crimes in connection with the Sept. 11 attacks. Officials said Monday they'll seek the death penalty in what would be the first capital trials under the terrorism-era military tribunal system.